Chronic prostatitis is an inflammatory disease of the prostate gland, which has a protracted character and is difficult to treat.Unlike acute prostatitis, the cause of chronic inflammation of the prostate is not only infectious agents, but also various disorders of the nervous and endocrine system of a man.
What is a prostate and what are its functions
Anatomically, the prostate gland is placed below the bladder and is surrounded by the urinary canal from all sides.Two main functions of the prostate can be distinguished:
- The urinary person is a prostate is a transit organ through which the urinary tract passes;
- Seven -formation - identifies a secret in the lumen of the ureter, which provides mobility and survivability of spermatozoa.
Chronic prostatitis is a sluggish inflammation of the prostate gland.Most often, the disease occurs after acute prostatitis due to ineffective treatment.
In the event of a prostate gland damage, the secretion of a prostatic secretion is violated, and one of the most difficult consequences of the inflammatory process in the prostate gland - infertility.
Prostate functions are controlled by a complex cascade of hormonal interactions (androgens, estrogens, pituitary hormones), due to which violations of the hormonal cascade lead to lesions of the prostate gland.
The causes of chronic prostatitis
The main cause of chronic prostatitis is unbearable acute prostatitis.Inadequate antibiotic therapy, concomitant infections that weaken the body's immune system and non -compliance with the doctor’s prescriptions are the main causes of the transition of acute prostatitis to a chronic form.This form of chronic prostatitis is called primary.
Between this, chronic prostatitis is distinguished, which begins independently.This form of chronic inflammation of the prostate gland is called secondary.
The main factors that affect the development of secondary chronic prostatitis:
- Violation of the blood supply to the prostate gland.
- Weakened immune system.
- Alcohol abuse.
- Abuse of spicy foods.
- Men's sexual disorders (too active sex life or too rare sexual contacts).
- Hypothermia or overheating.
- Frequent disorders of intestinal functions (constipation).
- Sitting lifestyle.
In almost all cases of chronic prostatitis, the main cause of the occurrence of the disease is bacterial infections.Due to the above factors, the ability to infect in bacteria increases significantly, and the violation of immunity and blood supply to the organ leads to the lack of an adequate reaction of the body to infection.That is why chronic prostatitis proceeds sluggishly, long and is difficult to treat.
Symptoms of chronic prostatitis
The course of chronic prostatitis is characterized by alternating long periods of lull and short -term periods of exacerbation.
During the periods of calm, the disease may not manifest itself at all symptoms and not disturb the patient.Such periods can last months or even years.During periods of exacerbation of chronic prostatitis, rapid urination, pain and unpleasant sensations in the perineum can be observed.Sometimes pain can give into testicles and groin.The pain intensifies with a prolonged seat, and decreases after motor activity.A vivid symptom of the disease is the urination of a sluggish stream due to impaired patency of the prostatic part of the urethra.After urination, the so -called prostatera is often observed - the discharge of the muddy secret of the prostate gland.Since the prostate is the center of ejaculation in men, in chronic prostatitis, sexual disorders are observed.They are manifested by erectile dysfunction of the penis and the absence of orgasm.These symptoms are attached to the inability of the prostate in sufficient quantities to synthesize the prostatic fluid, which leads to infertility.
A separate disease with similar symptoms is prostatinia.It differs from chronic prostatitis in the absence of infection in the prostate gland, since the main cause of prostatinia is neuroendocrine disorders in the body.
Diagnosis of chronic prostatitis
It is quite difficult to diagnose chronic prostatitis, since the inflammatory process is sluggish, and it is quite difficult to prove the presence of a bacterial infection.
- At the first stage of the diagnosis, a finger rectal examination is carried out.This type of diagnosis is based on a finger examination of the rectum, through which you can break the prostate gland and evaluate changes in the structure of the prostate (flabby, painful and dough).
- The second stage of diagnosis is the analysis of the prostate fluid.For this, prostate massage is carried out to stimulate the release of fluid, after which the material is examined microscopically and bacteriologically.The presence of bacteria, lecithin grains and leukocytes in the liquid indicates prostatitis.
- Sometimes for an accurate formulation of the diagnosis of these diagnostic techniques is not enough.In such cases, instrumental examination methods are carried out.They belong to an ultrasound of the prostate gland (increase or sclerosis of the gland, residual urine in the bladder) and computed tomography.In complex clinical cases, when it is difficult to distinguish chronic prostatitis from the adenoma, a biopsy of the prostate gland is performed - excision of the gland tissue for histological examination.
How to treat chronic prostatitis
The treatment of chronic prostatitis should be complex and consist of antibacterial therapy, generally strengthening therapy and local exposure to the gland.
The main link of chronic prostatitis therapy is antibiotic therapy.Before prescribing antibiotics, the sensitivity of the pathogen must be determined.The choice of a group of antibiotics depends on the results of this test.Most often, the antibiotics of cephalosporin, macrolides, tetracycline antibiotics, uroiseptics give a good effect.For resorption of infiltrates that occur in the prostate during chronic inflammation, hyaluronidase is prescribed.The course of therapy lasts an average of 15 days.Sometimes, for the greater effectiveness of antibiotic therapy, you must first aggravate the sluggish inflammatory process in the gland by introducing the immunomodulator.
Medicine therapy should be accompanied by local physiotherapeutic therapy:
- Prostate massage.
- Hot enemas with chamomile infusion.
- Rectal diatermia.
- Rectal mud.
- Hot sitting baths.
- Reflexotherapy (acupuncture, laser acupuncture).
- UHF-therapy.
The course of treatment should be combined with an active way of life and be sure to exclude the use of alcohol and spicy food.
The forecast of chronic prostatitis
Chronic prostatitis refers to diseases that are poorly treated.In approximately 25% of cases, it is only possible to stop the exacerbation of the disease, but not cure it.The forms of chronic prostatitis are especially difficult to treat, which are complicated by the lower -eater obstruction (narrowing) of the urinary canal.